METABOLIC SYNDROME IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION

ABSTRACT

Aims: The aim of this study was to determine if the metabolic syndrome was common among the adults with myocardial infarction. Also see the age and gender distribution and the extent to which the metabolic syndrome was associated with modifiable lifestyle factors.

Settings: The study was conducted in three tertiary health centers of N.W.F.P. For laboratory purpose the facilities of P.M.R.C (K.M.C) were used.

Methods: A matched case control study using questionnaire, clinical methods including B.P, waist circumference and analysis of blood sugar and lipid profile using enzymatic lab technique was carried out. A total of 150 adult patients, aged 40 years and above with diagnosed acute myocardial infarction and equal number of aged and gender matched healthy controls were taken. Metabolic syndrome was defined using modified Asian ATP III guidelines.

Results: Of the total 66% males and 34% females had metabolic syndrome and it was more common in patients aged 50 years and above. Compared with controls, patients had higher rate of obesity. A higher proportion of patients had increased waist circumference (64% vs 31%, p-value < 0.000), hypertension (53% vs 23%, p-value <0.000), dyslipidemia (low HDL 47% vs 24%, p-value < 0.000) and hyperglycemia (40% vs 18%, p-value <0.000) and hyper-triglyceridemia.(50% vs 35% p-value 0.01). Over all patients were 6.19 times more likely to have three or more diagnostic criteria of metabolic syndrome than the controls i.e. 55% vs 17% (odd ratio 6.19, 95% CI 3.49-11.06). Obesity and physical inactivity were associated with increased odds of metabolic syndrome.

Conclusion: This showed that metabolic syndrome was more common in patients with myocardial infarction.